The bandwidth of an ADC is characterized primarily by its sampling rate. The performance of an ADC is primarily characterized by its bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Furthermore, instead of continuously performing the conversion, an ADC does the conversion periodically, sampling the input, limiting the allowable bandwidth of the input signal.
The conversion involves quantization of the input, so it necessarily introduces a small amount of error or noise.
These typically take the form of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) mixed-signal integrated circuit chips that integrate both analog and digital circuits.Ī digital-to-analog converter (DAC) performs the reverse function it converts a digital signal into an analog signal.Īn ADC converts a continuous-time and continuous-amplitude analog signal to a discrete-time and discrete-amplitude digital signal. Due to the complexity and the need for precisely matched components, all but the most specialized ADCs are implemented as integrated circuits (ICs). Typically the digital output is a two's complement binary number that is proportional to the input, but there are other possibilities.
An ADC may also provide an isolated measurement such as an electronic device that converts an analog input voltage or current to a digital number representing the magnitude of the voltage or current. In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter ( ADC, A/D, or A-to-D) is a system that converts an analog signal, such as a sound picked up by a microphone or light entering a digital camera, into a digital signal.
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